Which seed contains endosperm, perisperm, and caruncle?

The seed that contains endosperm, perisperm, and caruncle is the castor seed.

Endosperm is a tissue that provides nutrition to the developing embryo within the seed, often rich in carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In castor seeds, the endosperm is significant because it aids in supporting the growth of the embryo after germination.

Perisperm is a type of seed tissue that surrounds the embryo and is derived from the nucellus, which is maternal tissue. It is found in certain seeds, including castor, where it contributes additional nutrients during germination.

The caruncle is a small outgrowth on the seed coat, often serving to facilitate seed germination by aiding in seed dispersal and water absorption. In castor seeds, the presence of a caruncle assists the seed in initiating growth under suitable conditions.

While other seeds, like sunflower, peanut, and rice, may have variations of storage tissues, they do not encompass all three of these specific structures (endosperm, perisperm, and caruncle) within their anatomy as castor seeds do. This distinguishing feature makes the castor seed the correct answer.