Which seed contains endosperm, perisperm, and caruncle?

The seed that contains endosperm, perisperm, and caruncle is the castor seed.

The endosperm provides the necessary nutrients to the developing embryo, serving as a food reserve, which is essential for the germination and growth of the seedling.

The presence of perisperm is notable in castor seeds; it is a tissue that stores food and is derived from the nucellus. While many seeds have endosperm, only some, like castor, also have perisperm contributing to their nutrient supply during germination.

The caruncle, which is a fleshy outgrowth at the hilum of the seed, aids in seed dispersal processes and helps in the hydration of the seed during germination. In the case of castor seeds, this adaptation can facilitate their ability to germinate effectively in diverse environments.

Overall, the unique combination of these three structures within the castor seed allows it to effectively store nutrients and adapt to its environment, thus making it the correct choice in this question.