The barrier potential of a pn junction depends on which of the following factors?

The barrier potential of a pn junction primarily depends on the type of semiconductor material used. The barrier potential, also known as built-in potential, is the voltage present across the junction of the p-type and n-type semiconductors due to the difference in the concentration of charge carriers (holes in p-type and electrons in n-type).

Different semiconductor materials have varying energy band structures and electron affinity, which directly influence the barrier potential. For example, silicon and germanium possess different energy levels for conduction and valence bands, resulting in different barrier potentials when they form a pn junction.

Other factors like light intensity, humidity, and air pressure can affect the performance of a semiconductor device under certain conditions, but they do not inherently change the intrinsic barrier potential established by the materials of the junction.